Cover lesson · Geography · Year 9 · Intermediate

Visualising data with maps

DCF: Data and computational thinking → Data and information literacy

Name: Class: Date:

Cover teacher — you need no subject knowledge

Print: this sheet, one per pupil. It contains the dataset and the blank base map, so no computers and no atlas are needed. Print in landscape if your printer allows it, so the map fills the page. A ruler and a pencil each; coloured pencils are a bonus, not a requirement.

Run: 4 min read the dataset and decide the symbol rule · 6 min plot the first three events together as a class · 20 min plot the remaining thirteen · 6 min complete the key · 10 min answer the four pattern questions · 4 min the deep-earthquake question.

Collect: this sheet. Plotting accuracy is easy to mark: on the example map every circle sits on or very close to a dashed plate boundary, so any circle out on its own in an ocean has been plotted wrongly.

What you are doing

Table 1 is a real extract from the United States Geological Survey earthquake catalogue: every earthquake of magnitude 6.5 or above recorded anywhere in the world during 2024, sixteen of them. Latitude and longitude are only coordinates, so you can plot each one on the grid below. Once they are all on, the pattern does the explaining for you — which is the whole point of putting data on a map instead of leaving it in a table.

Table 1: earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 and above, 2024

Date Latitude Longitude Depth (km) Magnitude Nearest place
2024-01-0137.487137.27110.07.5Noto Peninsula, Japan
2024-01-2241.25578.65413.07.0Aykol, China
2024-03-03-58.888159.14423.26.8Macquarie Island region
2024-03-23-4.129143.13441.56.9Ambunti, Papua New Guinea
2024-04-0223.836121.59840.07.4Hualien City, Taiwan
2024-06-28-15.828-74.45424.07.2Atiquipa, Peru
2024-07-10-53.30925.3484.06.6South of Africa
2024-07-116.084123.15639.57.1Sangay, Philippines
2024-07-19-23.079-67.84127.37.4San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
2024-08-0831.76131.50224.07.1Hyuganada Sea, Japan
2024-08-1752.931160.13329.07.0Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
2024-08-25-19.812-175.07196.06.9Pangai, Tonga
2024-09-1551.609-130.6123.86.5Port McNeill, Canada
2024-11-1019.797-77.05114.06.8Bartolome Maso, Cuba
2024-12-0540.374-125.02210.07.0Offshore Cape Mendocino, California
2024-12-17-17.691168.08454.47.3Port-Vila, Vanuatu

Source: United States Geological Survey earthquake catalogue. Positive latitude is north of the Equator and negative is south; positive longitude is east of the Greenwich meridian and negative is west.

Step by step

  1. 4 min — Decide your symbol rule. The circle radius must grow with magnitude, and you must be able to state the rule in one sentence.
  2. 6 min — Plot the first three events. Find the longitude along the bottom first, then the latitude up the side, and mark where they cross.
  3. 20 min — Plot the other thirteen. Take care with negative numbers: 175 degrees west is at the far left of the map.
  4. 6 min — Fill in the key: what the circle sizes mean, plus a title and the source.
  5. 10 min — Answer the four pattern questions using your finished map.
  6. 4 min — Answer the deep-earthquake question at the bottom.

My symbol rule

Radius for a magnitude 6.5 event
Radius for a magnitude 7.5 event
My rule, in one sentence
Why is a circle that grows better here than one dot per event?

Plot your map here

Blank world plotting grid An empty world base map drawn on a latitude and longitude grid at thirty degree intervals, for plotting earthquake positions by hand. Plot your earthquakes here. Add a title, a key and a scale for your symbols. -180° -150° -120° -90° -60° -30° 30° 60° 90° 120° 150° 180° -90° -60° -30° 30° 60° 90° Equator Key:

Pattern questions

Question My answer from the map
How many of the sixteen events sit around the rim of the Pacific Ocean?
Name the ones that are not on the Pacific rim and say roughly where each is.
Are there large areas with no earthquakes at all? Name two.
Work out the mean, median, modal and range of the sixteen magnitudes.

The deep earthquake

Fifteen of the sixteen earthquakes happened in the top 130 km of the Earth. One was 639.5 km deep. Find it on your map, then write two sentences: where is it, and what does a very deep earthquake suggest is happening beneath that point?

Success criteria

If you finish early